# Destrezas básicas

Este capítulo preséntalle as destrezas básicas que necesita para traballar co escritorio MATE.

## Destrezas co rato

Esta sección describe que fan os botóns do rato e que significan os distintos punteiros.

Un rato é un dispositivo apuntador que permite mover o punteiro do rato na pantalla. O punteiro do rato adoita ser unha pequena frecha coa que apunta a obxectos na pantalla. Ao premer un botón fará unha acción particular sobre o obxecto sobre o que se sitúa o punteiro do rato, dependendo do botón que prema.

### Convencións do botóns do rato

Botóns

As instrucións deste manual son para os dispositivos de rato de tres botóns para destros, o tipo máis común. Se usa outro tipo de rato ou dispositivo apuntador, ten que ter coidado de localizar os botóns correspondentes no rato. Se usa un rato para xergos, consulte o parágrafo sobre a configuración da orientación do rato a seguir.

Se configura o dispositivo do rato como para xergos, debe inverter as convencións do botón do rato empregadas neste manual. Isto normalmente tamén está implicito na maioría de documentación e en moitas aplicacións.

Algúns ratos non teñen un botón central, se ten un dispositivo de dous botóns, o seu sistema pode estar configurado para que poida premer simultaneamente os dous botóns para simular o botón central. Se está activado, pode premer simultaneamente os botóns esquerdo e dereito para simular o botón central do rato. Para usar MATE non é necesario un rato cun botón central.

As convencións dos botóns do rato usadas neste manual son as seguintes

Botón esquerdo do rato

  O botón situado no lado esquerdo do rato. Este é o botón principal dun rato, usado para seleccionar, activar, premer botóns, etc... Cando se lle di que «premer» implica que debe «premer» co botón esquerdo, a non ser que se especifique o contrario.

Botón central do rato

  O botón central dun rato. En moitos ratos cunha roda, pode premerse directamente a roda para premer o botón central.

Botón dereito do rato

  O botón situado no lado dereito do rato. Xeralmente este botón amosa un menú contextual para o obxecto baixo o punteiro.

Use as Preferencias do rato para inverter a orientación do dispositivo do rato. Se inverte a orientación, entón debe inverter as convencións do botón do rato empregadas neste manual e outra documentación de MATE. Vexa a para obter máis información sobre como axustar as preferencias do rato.

### Accións do rato

Accións

Neste manual úsanse as seguintes convencións para describir as accións que pode realizar co rato:

Acción | Definición
--- | ---
Pulsar ou premer | Prema e solte o botón esquerdo do rato, sen movelo.
Pulsar ou premer co botón esquerdo | .Igual que premer. A expresión «premer co botón esquerdo» empregase onde pode haber confusión con premer co botón dereito.
Pulsar ou premer co botón central | Prema e solte o botón central do rato, sen movelo.
Pulsar ou premer co botón dereito | Prema e solte o botón dereito do rato, sen movelo.
Dobre pulsación | Prema e solte o botón esquerdo d rato dúas veces nunha rápida sucesión sen mover o rato. Pode configurar a sensibilidade ás dobres pulsacións cambiando o axuste Tempo de espera da dobre pulsación: vexa a para obter máis información.

Pulsar ou premer e arrastrar

Prema e non solte o botón esquerdo do rato, após mova o rato con botón aínda premido, e finalmente solte o botón.

Dragging with the mouse is used in many different contexts.

This moves an object around the screen with the mouse. The object is dropped at the location where the mouse button is released. This action is also called drag-and-drop. Clicking on an element of the interface to move it is sometimes called a grab.

For example, you can change the position of a window by dragging on its title bar, or move a file by dragging its icon from one window and dropping it on another.

The left mouse buttons is usually used to perform drag actions, although the middle mouse button is sometimes used for an alternate drag action.

Pulsar ou premer e manter | Prema e non solte o botón esquerdo do rato.

Pode realizar as seguintes accións co rato:

Botón esquerdo do rato

  - Seleccionar texto.

  - Seleccionar elementos.

  - Arrastrar elementos.

  - Activar elementos.

Botón central do rato

  - Pegar texto.

  - Mover elementos.

  - Mover as xanelas cara ao fondo.

Botón dereito do rato

  Use the right mouse button to open a context menu for an item, if a menu applies. For most items, you can also use the ShiftF10 keyboard shortcut to open the context menu once the item has been selected.

For example, when viewing files in the file manager, you select a file by clicking with the left mouse button and open a file by double-clicking with the left mouse button. Clicking with the right mouse button will bring up a context menu for that file.

In most applications, you can select text with your left mouse button and paste it in another application using the middle mouse button. This is called primary selection paste, and works separately from your normal clipboard operations.

To select more than one item, you can hold the Ctrl key to select multiple items, or hold the Shift key to select a contiguous range of items. You can also drag a bounding box to select several items by starting the drag in the empty space around items and dragging out a rectangle.

### Punteiros do rato

Punteiros

As you use the mouse, the appearance of the mouse pointer can change. The appearance of the pointer provides feedback about a particular operation, location, or state.

The following mouse pointers are shown as your mouse passes over different elements of the screen:

Your mouse pointers will differ from those shown here if you are using a different pointer theme. Your distributor or vendor may have set a different default theme.

Punteiro normal. Punteiro normal

  Este punteiro aparece durante o uso normal do rato.

Punteiro de ocupado. Punteiro de ocupado

  This pointer appears over a window that is busy performing a task. You cannot use the mouse to give this window any input, but you can move to another window and work with that.

Punteiro de redimensionado. Punteiro de redimensionado

  This pointer indicates that you can grab the control to resize parts of the interface. This appears over the borders of windows and over resize handles between panes in a window. The direction of the arrows indicates in which direction you can resize.

Punteiro de man Punteiro de man

  This pointer appears when you hover over a hypertext link, in a web page for example. This pointer indicates that you can click on the link to load a new document or perform an action.

Punteiro de perfil de biga I Punteiro de perfil de biga I

  This pointer is shown when the mouse is over text that you can select or edit. Click to place the cursor where you want to type text, or drag to select text.

The following mouse pointers are shown when dragging an item such as a file, or a piece of text. They indicate the result of releasing the mouse button to drop the object being moved.

Punteiro de movemento. Punteiro de movemento

  This pointer indicates that when you drop the object, the object is moved from the old location to the new location.

Punteiro de copia. Punteiro de copia

  This pointer indicates that when you drop the object, a copy of the object is created where you drop it.

Punteiro de ligazón simbólica. Punteiro de ligazón simbólica

  This pointer indicates that when you drop the object, a symbolic link to the object is created where you drop the object. A symbolic link is a special type of file that points to another file or folder. For more on this, see .

Punteiro de interrogante. Punteiro de interrogante

  This pointer indicates that when you drop the object, you will be given a choice of what to do. A menu will open to allow you to choose which operation you would like to perform. For instance, you may be able to move, copy, or create a symbolic link.

Punteiro non dispoñíbel. Punteiro non dispoñíbel.

  This pointer indicates that you cannot drop the object at the current location. Releasing the mouse button now will have no effect: the dragged object will be returned to its starting location.

Punteiro de movemento de obxecto de panel. Punteiro de movemento de obxecto de panel

  Este punteiro aparece cando arrastra un panel ou un obxecto do panel co botón central do rato. Vexa para obter máis información sobre os paneis.

Punteiro de movemento de xanela. Punteiro de movemento de xanela

  Este punteiro aparece cando arrastra unha xanela para movela. Vexa para obter máis información sobre como mover xanelas.

## Destrezas co teclado

For almost every task that you can perform with the mouse, you can use the keyboard to perform the same task. Shortcut keys are keys that provide you with a quick way to perform a task.

You can use shortcut keys to perform general MATE Desktop tasks and to work with interface items such as panels and windows. You can also use shortcut keys in applications. To customize your shortcut keys, use the Keyboard Shortcuts preference tool. See for more information about configuring keyboard shortcuts.

Many PC keyboards come with two special keys for the Windows operating system: a key with a Microsoft Windows™ logo and a key for accessing context menus.

In MATE, the Windows key is often configured to act as an additional modifier key, called the Super key. The context menu key can be used to access the context menu of the selected item, just as the ShiftF10 keyboard shortcut can.

You can also modify the MATE Desktop preferences to use keyboard accessibility features. See for more information about the keyboard accessibility features.

The following sections describe the shortcut keys that you can use throughout the desktop and applications.

### Atallos de teclado globais

Global shortcut keys enable you to use the keyboard to perform tasks related to your desktop, rather than tasks on the currently selected window or application. The following table lists some global shortcut keys:

Atallo de teclado | Función
--- | ---
AltF1 | Abre o menú de aplicacións.
AltF2 | Amosar o diálogo Executar aplicación. Vexa para obter máis información.
Impr. Pant. | Facer unha captura de pantalla de todo o escritorio. Vexa para obter máis información.
AltImpr. Pant. | Facer unha captura de pantalla da xanela enfocada actualmente.
CtrlAlt Teclas de frechas | Switch to the workspace to the specified direction of the current workspace. See for more information on working with multiple workspaces.
CtrlAlt D | Minimiza todas as xanelas e dalle o foco ao escritorio.
AltTab | Switch between windows. A list of windows that you can select is displayed. Release the keys to select a window. You can press the Shift key to cycle through the windows in reverse order.
CtrlAlt Tab | Switch the focus between the panels and the desktop. A list of items that you can select is displayed. Release the keys to select an item. You can press the Shift key to cycle through the items in reverse order.

### Atallos de teclado de xalela

Window shortcut keys allow you to use the keyboard to perform tasks on the currently focused window. The following table lists some window shortcut keys:

Atallo de teclado | Función
--- | ---
AltTab | Switch between windows. A list of windows that you can select is displayed. Release the keys to select a window. You can press the Shift key to cycle through the windows in reverse order.
AltF4 | Pecha a xanela que ten o foco
AltF5 | Desfai a maximización da xanela actual, se estiver maximizada.
AltF7 | Move the currently focused window. After pressing this shortcut, you can move the window using either the mouse or the arrow keys. To finish the move, click the mouse or press any key on the keyboard.
AltF8 | Resize the currently focused window. After pressing this shortcut, you can resize the window using either the mouse or the arrow keys. To finish resizing, click the mouse or press any key on the keyboard.
AltF9 | Minimiza a xanela actual
AltF10 | Maximiza a xanela actual
Altbarra espazadora | Open the window menu for the currently selected window. The window menu allows you to perform actions on the window, such as minimizing, moving between workspaces, and closing.
MaiúsCtrlAlt Teclas de frechas | Move the current window to another workspace in the specified direction. See for more information on working with multiple workspaces.

### Teclas de aplicación

Application shortcut keys enable you to perform application tasks. You can use shortcut keys to perform application tasks more quickly than if you use a mouse. The following table lists some common application shortcut keys:

Atallo de teclado | Acción
--- | ---
CtrlN | Crea un documento novo ou unha xanela
CtrlX | Cortar o texto ou zona seleccionada e colocalo no portapapeis.
CtrlC | Copiar o texto ou área seleccionada para o portapapeis
CtrlV | Pega o contido do portapapeis
CtrlZ | Desfai a última acción
CtrlS | Garda o documento actual no disco.
F1 | Carga o documento de axuda en liña para a aplicación.

In addition to these shortcut keys, all applications support a set of keys to navigate and work with the user interface. These keys allow you to perform operations that you might normally perform with a mouse. The following table describes some interface control keys:

Teclas | Acción
--- | ---
Teclas de frechas ou Tab | Moverse entre os controis da interface ou elementos dunha lista.
Intro ou barra espazadora | Activa ou escolle o elemento seleccionado.
F10 | Activa o menú máis á esquerda da xanela da aplicación.
MaiúsF10 | Activa o menú contextual para o elemento seleccionado.
Esc | Pecha un menú sen seleccionar un elemento do menú ou cancela unha operación de arrastre.

### Teclas de acceso

A menubar is a bar at the top of a window that contains the menus for the application. An access key is an underlined letter in a menubar, menu, or dialog that you can use to perform an action. On a menubar, the access key for each menu is underlined.

To open a menu, hold the Alt key, then press the access key. In the menu, the access key for each menu item is underlined. To choose a menu item when a menu is displayed, you can simply press the access key for the menu item.

For example, to open a new window in the Help application, press AltF to open the File menu, then press N to activate the New Window menu item.

You can also use access keys to access elements in a dialog. In a dialog, one letter in most dialog elements is underlined. To access a particular dialog element, hold Alt, then press the access key.