The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7
IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, 2016 Edition
Copyright © 2001-2016 The IEEE and The Open Group

#### NAME

> fdopen - associate a stream with a file descriptor

#### SYNOPSIS

> ``[CX] #include <stdio.h>
> FILE *fdopen(int` fildes`, const char *`mode`);``
> `
> `

#### DESCRIPTION

> The fdopen() function shall associate a stream with a file descriptor.

> The mode argument is a character string having one of the following values:

> r or rb
>   Open a file for reading.
> w or wb
>   Open a file for writing.
> a or ab
>   Open a file for writing at end-of-file.
> r+ or rb+ or r+b
>   Open a file for update (reading and writing).
> w+ or wb+ or w+b
>   Open a file for update (reading and writing).
> a+ or ab+ or a+b
>   Open a file for update (reading and writing) at end-of-file.

> The meaning of these flags is exactly as specified in fopen(), except that modes beginning with w shall not cause truncation of the file.

> Additional values for the mode argument may be supported by an implementation.

> The application shall ensure that the mode of the stream as expressed by the mode argument is allowed by the file access mode of the open file description to which fildes refers. The file position indicator associated with the new stream is set to the position indicated by the file offset associated with the file descriptor.

> The error and end-of-file indicators for the stream shall be cleared. The fdopen() function may cause the last data access timestamp of the underlying file to be marked for update.

> [SHM] If fildes refers to a shared memory object, the result of the fdopen() function is unspecified.

> [TYM] If fildes refers to a typed memory object, the result of the fdopen() function is unspecified.

> The fdopen() function shall preserve the offset maximum previously set for the open file description corresponding to fildes.

#### RETURN VALUE

> Upon successful completion, fdopen() shall return a pointer to a stream; otherwise, a null pointer shall be returned and errno set to indicate the error.

#### ERRORS

> The fdopen() function shall fail if:

> [EMFILE]
>   {STREAM_MAX} streams are currently open in the calling process.

> The fdopen() function may fail if:

> [EBADF]
>   The fildes argument is not a valid file descriptor.
> [EINVAL]
>   The mode argument is not a valid mode.
> [EMFILE]
>   {FOPEN_MAX} streams are currently open in the calling process.
> [ENOMEM]
>   Insufficient space to allocate a buffer.

The following sections are informative.

#### EXAMPLES

> None.

#### APPLICATION USAGE

> File descriptors are obtained from calls like open(), dup(), creat(), or pipe(), which open files but do not return streams.

#### RATIONALE

> The file descriptor may have been obtained from open(), creat(), pipe(), dup(), fcntl(), or socket(); inherited through fork(), posix_spawn(), or exec; or perhaps obtained by other means.

> The meanings of the mode arguments of fdopen() and fopen() differ. With fdopen(), open for write (w or w+) does not truncate, and append (a or a+) cannot create for writing. The mode argument formats that include a b are allowed for consistency with the ISO C standard function fopen(). The b has no effect on the resulting stream. Although not explicitly required by this volume of POSIX.1-2008, a good implementation of append (a) mode would cause the O_APPEND flag to be set.

#### FUTURE DIRECTIONS

> None.

#### SEE ALSO

> Interaction of File Descriptors and Standard I/O Streams, fclose, fmemopen, fopen, open, open_memstream, posix_spawn, socket

> XBD <stdio.h>

#### CHANGE HISTORY

> First released in Issue 1. Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID.

#### Issue 5

> The DESCRIPTION is updated for alignment with the POSIX Realtime Extension.

> Large File Summit extensions are added.

#### Issue 6

> The following new requirements on POSIX implementations derive from alignment with the Single UNIX Specification:

> - In the DESCRIPTION, the use and setting of the mode argument are changed to include binary streams.

> - In the DESCRIPTION, text is added for large file support to indicate setting of the offset maximum in the open file description.

> - All errors identified in the ERRORS section are added.

> - In the DESCRIPTION, text is added that the fdopen() function may cause st_atime to be updated.

> The following changes were made to align with the IEEE P1003.1a draft standard:

> - Clarification is added that it is the responsibility of the application to ensure that the mode is compatible with the open file descriptor.

> The DESCRIPTION is updated for alignment with IEEE Std 1003.1j-2000 by specifying that fdopen() results are unspecified for typed memory objects.

> IEEE Std 1003.1-2001/Cor 2-2004, item XSH/TC2/D6/30 is applied, making corrections to the RATIONALE.

#### Issue 7

> SD5-XSH-ERN-149 is applied, adding the {STREAM_MAX} [EMFILE] error condition.

> Changes are made related to support for finegrained timestamps.

> POSIX.1-2008, Technical Corrigendum 1, XSH/TC1-2008/0121 [409] is applied.

End of informative text.

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