The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7
IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, 2016 Edition
Copyright © 2001-2016 The IEEE and The Open Group

#### NAME

> ftw.h - file tree traversal

#### SYNOPSIS

> `[XSI] #include <ftw.h>`

#### DESCRIPTION

> The <ftw.h> header shall define the FTW structure, which shall include at least the following members:

>     int  base
>     int  level

> The <ftw.h> header shall define the following symbolic constants for use as values of the third argument to the application-supplied function that is passed as the second argument to ftw() and nftw():

> FTW_F
>   Non-directory file.
> FTW_D
>   Directory.
> FTW_DNR
>   Directory without read permission.
> FTW_DP
>   Directory with subdirectories visited.
> FTW_NS
>   Unknown type; stat() failed.
> FTW_SL
>   Symbolic link.
> FTW_SLN
>   Symbolic link that names a nonexistent file.

> The <ftw.h> header shall define the following symbolic constants for use as values of the fourth argument to nftw():

> FTW_PHYS
>   Physical walk, does not follow symbolic links. Otherwise, nftw() follows links but does not walk down any path that crosses itself.
> FTW_MOUNT
>   The walk does not cross a mount point.
> FTW_DEPTH
>   All subdirectories are visited before the directory itself.
> FTW_CHDIR
>   The walk changes to each directory before reading it.

> The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

>     [OB]
>     int ftw(const char *, int (*)(const char *, const struct stat *,
>         int), int);

>     int nftw(const char *, int (*)(const char *, const struct stat *,
>         int, struct FTW *), int, int);

> The <ftw.h> header shall define the stat structure and the symbolic names for st_mode and the file type test macros as described in <sys/stat.h>.

> Inclusion of the <ftw.h> header may also make visible all symbols from <sys/stat.h>.

The following sections are informative.

#### APPLICATION USAGE

> None.

#### RATIONALE

> None.

#### FUTURE DIRECTIONS

> None.

#### SEE ALSO

> <sys/stat.h>

> XSH ftw, nftw

#### CHANGE HISTORY

> First released in Issue 1. Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID.

#### Issue 5

> A description of FTW_DP is added.

#### Issue 7

> The ftw() function is marked obsolescent.

> This reference page is clarified with respect to macros and symbolic constants.

> POSIX.1-2008, Technical Corrigendum 1, XBD/TC1-2008/0048 [403] is applied.

End of informative text.

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