# Llicència Pública General Reduïda de GNU

2000
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Free Software Foundation
Projecte de documentació del GNOME
2.1
1999-02

    Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    	    51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
    	    Boston,
    	    MA 02110-1301
    	    USA

.

Tothom pot copiar i distribuir còpies literals d'aquest document de llicència, però no es permet de fer-hi modificacions.

Versió 2.1, febrer de 1999

Les llicències de la majoria de programari estan dissenyades per a prendre-us la llibertat de compartir-lo i modificar-lo. Contràriament, les Llicències públiques generals de GNU estan pensades per a garantir-vos la llibertat de compartir i modificar el programari lliure, per tal d'assegurar que el programari sigui lliure per a tots els seus usuaris i usuàries.

Gil Forcada
gilforcada@guifi.net
2013
Gil Forcada

## Preàmbul

Les llicències de la majoria de programari estan dissenyades per a prendre-us la llibertat de compartir-lo i modificar-lo. Contràriament, les Llicències públiques generals de GNU estan pensades per a garantir-vos la llibertat de compartir i modificar el programari lliure, per tal d'assegurar que el programari sigui lliure per a tots els seus usuaris i usuàries.

Quan parlem de programari lliure ens referim a la llibertat, no al preu. Les nostres llicències públiques generals estan pensades per assegurar que tingueu la llibertat de distribuir còpies del programari lliure (i de cobrar per aquest servei, si voleu); que rebeu el codi font o que, si el voleu, el pugueu rebre; que pugueu modificar el programari o fer-ne servir parts en programes lliures nous; i que sapigueu que podeu fer totes aquestes coses.

This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.

Quan parlem de programari lliure ens referim a la llibertat, no al preu. Les nostres llicències públiques generals estan pensades per assegurar que tingueu la llibertat de distribuir còpies del programari lliure (i de cobrar per aquest servei, si voleu); que rebeu el codi font o que, si el voleu, el pugueu rebre; que pugueu modificar el programari o fer-ne servir parts en programes lliures nous; i que sapigueu que podeu fer totes aquestes coses.

Per protegir els vostres drets, cal que apliquem restriccions que prohibeixin a tothom de negar-vos aquests drets o demanar-vos que hi renuncieu. Aquestes restriccions suposen determinades responsabilitats per a vós si distribuïu còpies del programari o si el modifiqueu.

For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. If you link other code with the library, you must provide complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.

We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.

To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know that what they have is not the original version, so that the original author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be introduced by others.

Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of any free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannot effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a restrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.

Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and is quite different from the ordinary General Public License. We use this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those libraries into non-free programs.

When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a combined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the entire combination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with the library.

We call this license the Lesser General Public License because it does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General Public License. It also provides other free software developers Less of an advantage over competing non-free programs. These disadvantages are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many libraries. However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain special circumstances.

For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must be allowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that a free library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.

In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of free software. For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating system.

Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run that program using a modified version of the Library.

The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a work based on the library and a work that uses the library. The former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must be combined with the library in order to run.

## TERMES I CONDICIONS PER A LA CÒPIA, DISTRIBUCIÓ I MODIFICACIÓ

### Secció 0

This License Agreement applies to any software library or other program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of this Lesser General Public License (also called this License). Each licensee is addressed as you.

A library means a collection of software functions and/or data prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs (which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.

The Library, below, refers to any such software library or work which has been distributed under these terms. A work based on the Library means either the Library or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term modification.)

Source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For a library, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the library.

Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for writing it). Whether that is true depends on what the Library does and what the program that uses the Library does.

### Secció 1

Podeu copiar i distribuir còpies literals del codi font de la biblioteca tal com el rebeu, en qualsevol mitjà, sempre que publiqueu en cada còpia, de manera adient i ben visible, una nota de copyright i una renúncia de garantia; manteniu intactes tots els avisos que fan referència a aquesta llicència i a l'absència de garanties de cap mena; i distribuïu una còpia d'aquesta llicència juntament amb la biblioteca.

Podeu cobrar un preu per l'acte físic de trametre una còpia i podeu, si així ho voleu, oferir alguna garantia a canvi d'un preu.

### Secció 2

Podeu modificar la còpia o còpies de la biblioteca o qualsevol tros de la biblioteca i, així, fer una obra basada en la biblioteca, i podeu copiar i distribuir aquestes modificacions o obres sota els termes de la Secció 1 anterior, sempre que també compliu les condicions següents:

1. The modified work must itself be a software library.

2. Heu de fer que els fitxers modificats portin indicacions ben visibles que diguin que heu modificat els fitxers, i hi heu d'escriure la data de la modificació.

3. You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.

4. If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or a table of data to be supplied by an application program that uses the facility, other than as an argument passed when the facility is invoked, then you must make a good faith effort to ensure that, in the event an application does not supply such function or table, the facility still operates, and performs whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful.

   (For example, a function in a library to compute square roots has a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the application. Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any application-supplied function or table used by this function must be optional: if the application does not supply it, the square root function must still compute square roots.)

   Aquests requeriments afecten l'obra modificada com un tot. Si hi ha parts identificables que no estan derivades de la biblioteca, i es poden considerar raonablement com a obres independents i separades en si mateixes, aleshores aquesta llicència i els seus termes no s'apliquen a aquelles parts quan les distribuïu com a obres separades. Però quan distribuïu aquestes mateixes parts integrades en un tot que sigui una obra basada en la biblioteca, la distribució del tot s'ha de fer d'acord amb els termes d'aquesta llicència, i els permisos atorgats a altres beneficiaris abasten el tot sencer i, per tant, totes i cadascuna de les parts, independentment de qui les hagi escrites.

   Així doncs, la intenció d'aquesta secció no és reclamar o disputar-vos cap dret sobre treballs que heu escrit completament vosaltres mateixos. La intenció és més aviat exercir el dret a controlar la distribució d'obres derivades o col·lectives basades en la biblioteca.

   In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Library with the Library (or with a work based on the Library) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License.

### Secció 3

You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public License instead of this License to a given copy of the Library. To do this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License, so that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License, version 2, instead of to this License. (If a newer version than version 2 of the ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify that version instead if you wish.) Do not make any other change in these notices.

Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.

This option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of the Library into a program that is not a library.

### Secció 4

You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or derivative of it, under Section 2 ) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange.

If distribution of object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place satisfies the requirement to distribute the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

### Secció 5

A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the Library, but is designed to work with the Library by being compiled or linked with it, is called a work that uses the Library. Such a work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the Library, and therefore falls outside the scope of this License.

However, linking a work that uses the Library with the Library creates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because it contains portions of the Library), rather than a work that uses the library. The executable is therefore covered by this License. Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.

When a work that uses the Library uses material from a header file that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may be a derivative work of the Library even though the source code is not. Whether this is true is especially significant if the work can be linked without the Library, or if the work is itself a library. The threshold for this to be true is not precisely defined by law.

If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data structure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline functions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object file is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a derivative work. (Executables containing this object code plus portions of the Library will still fall under Section 6.)

Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6. Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6, whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.

### Secció 6

As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or link a work that uses the Library with the Library to produce a work containing portions of the Library, and distribute that work under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit modification of the work for the customer's own use and reverse engineering for debugging such modifications.

You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered by this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the work during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a reference directing the user to the copy of this License. Also, you must do one of these things:

1. Accompany the work with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code for the Library including whatever changes were used in the work (which must be distributed under Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is an executable linked with the Library, with the complete machine-readable work that uses the Library, as object code and/or source code, so that the user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified executable containing the modified Library. (It is understood that the user who changes the contents of definitions files in the Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application to use the modified definitions.)

2. Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the Library. A suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run time a copy of the library already present on the user's computer system, rather than copying library functions into the executable, and (2) will operate properly with a modified version of the library, if the user installs one, as long as the modified version is interface-compatible with the version that the work was made with.

3. Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give the same user the materials specified in Subsection 6a , above, for a charge no more than the cost of performing this distribution.

4. If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the above specified materials from the same place.

5. Verify that the user has already received a copy of these materials or that you have already sent this user a copy.

For an executable, the required form of the work that uses the Library must include any data and utility programs needed for reproducing the executable from it. However, as a special exception, the materials to be distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable.

It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license restrictions of other proprietary libraries that do not normally accompany the operating system. Such a contradiction means you cannot use both them and the Library together in an executable that you distribute.

### Secció 7

You may place library facilities that are a work based on the Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined library, provided that the separate distribution of the work based on the Library and of the other library facilities is otherwise permitted, and provided that you do these two things:

1. Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work based on the Library, uncombined with any other library facilities. This must be distributed under the terms of the Sections above.

2. Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact that part of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same work.

### Secció 8

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute the Library except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

### Secció 9

No esteu obligat a acceptar aquesta llicència, ja que no l'heu signada. Tanmateix, no hi ha cap altra opció que us doni permís per modificar o distribuir la biblioteca o les seves obres derivades. Aquestes accions queden prohibides per la llei si no accepteu aquesta llicència. Així doncs, en modificar o distribuir la biblioteca o les seves obres derivades, indiqueu que accepteu aquesta llicència per a fer-ho, i tots els seus termes i condicions per copiar, distribuir o modificar la biblioteca o obres que hi estiguin basades.

### Secció 10

Each time you redistribute the Library (or any work based on the Library), the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Library subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.

### Secció 11

Si, a conseqüència d'una decisió judicial, una demanda per infracció d'una patent o per qualsevol altra raó (no exclusivament relacionada amb patents), se us imposen condicions (tant si és per ordre judicial, acord, o el que sigui) que contradiuen les condicions d'aquesta llicència, no quedeu excusat de les condicions d'aquesta llicència. Si no us és possible distribuir de manera que satisfeu alhora les obligacions que us imposa aquesta llicència i qualsevol altra obligació pertinent, aleshores no podeu distribuir el programa en absolut. Per exemple, si una llicència de patent no permetés redistribuir gratuïtament la biblioteca a aquells que hagin rebut còpies de vós directament o indirecta, aleshores l'única manera en què podríeu satisfer tant això com aquesta llicència seria abstenir-vos completament de distribuir la biblioteca.

Si qualsevol fragment d'aquesta secció quedés invalidat o no es pogués fer complir en qualsevol circumstància particular, la intenció és que s'apliqui el balanç de la secció, i que s'apliqui la secció en la seva totalitat en altres circumstàncies.

El propòsit d'aquesta secció no és induir-vos a infringir cap patent ni cap altre requeriment del dret a la propietat, o a discutir-ne la validesa; l'únic propòsit d'aquesta secció és protegir la integritat del sistema de distribució de programari lliure, que s'implementa amb pràctiques de llicència pública. Molta gent ha fet generoses contribucions a l'ampli ventall de programari distribuït per aquest sistema refiant-se de l'aplicació consistent del sistema; li pertoca a l'autor, autora o donant decidir si vol distribuir programari per algun altre sistema, i un beneficiari de la llicència no pot imposar aquesta elecció.

Aquesta secció pretén deixar del tot clar el que es considera una conseqüència de la resta de la llicència.

### Secció 12

Si hi ha països que restringeixen la distribució o l'ús de la biblioteca, ja sigui per patents o per interfícies sota copyright, el posseïdor del copyright original que posi la biblioteca sota aquesta llicència pot afegir limitacions geogràfiques explícites que excloguin aquests països, de manera que la distribució només quedi permesa dins dels països no exclosos, o entre ells. En tal cas, aquesta llicència incorpora la limitació com si estigués escrita en el text de la llicència.

### Secció 13

The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.

Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Library specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and any later version, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not specify a license version number, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.

### Secció 14

If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.

### SENSE GARANTIA

Secció 15

ATÈS QUE LA BIBLIOTECA TÉ UNA LLICÈNCIA GRATUÏTA, NO SE N'OFEREIX CAP TIPUS DE GARANTIA, EN LA MESURA PERMESA PER LES LLEIS APLICABLES. LLEVAT DELS CASOS EN QUÈ S'AFIRMI EL CONTRARI PER ESCRIT, ELS LLICENCIADORS I/O LES ALTRES PARTS OFEREIXEN LA BIBLIOTECA TAL COM ÉS, SENSE CAP TIPUS DE GARANTIA, NI EXPLÍCITA NI IMPLÍCITA; AIXÒ INCLOU, SENSE LIMITAR-S'HI, LES GARANTIES IMPLÍCITES DE COMERCIALITZACIÓ I ADEQUACIÓ A UN ÚS CONCRET. TOT EL RISC PEL QUE FA A LA QUALITAT I RENDIMENT DE LA BIBLIOTECA ÉS VOSTRE. EN CAS QUE LA BIBLIOTECA RESULTÉS DEFECTUOSA, VÓS ASSUMIU TOT EL COST D'ASSISTÈNCIA, REPARACIÓ O CORRECCIÓ.

### Secció 16

EL POSSEÏDOR DEL COPYRIGHT, O QUALSEVOL ALTRA PART QUE PUGUI MODIFICAR O REDISTRIBUIR LA BIBLIOTECA TAL COM ES PERMET MÉS AMUNT NO US HAURÀ DE RESPONDRE EN CAP CAS, TRET DEL QUE REQUEREIXI LA LLEI APLICABLE O ELS ACORDS PER ESCRIT, PER PERJUDICIS, INCLOSOS ELS INCIDENTALS, DERIVATS, ESPECIALS O GENERALS QUE ES DERIVIN DE L'ÚS O DE LA IMPOSSIBILITAT D'ÚS DE LA BIBLIOTECA (INCLOSES, ENTRE D'ALTRES, LES PÈRDUES DE DADES, LES DADES QUE LA BIBLIOTECA HAGI MALMÈS, LES PÈRDUES QUE US HAGI PROVOCAT A VÓS O A TERCERS O LA IMPOSSIBILITAT QUE LA BIBLIOTECA FUNCIONI AMB QUALSEVOL ALTRE PROGRAMA), FINS I TOT SI AQUEST POSSEÏDOR O ALTRA PART HA ESTAT ADVERTIDA DE LA POSSIBILITAT D'AQUESTS PERJUDICIS.